How to protect against vive fish stings this summer

Often found in the Mediterranean, the Atlantic, and the Black Sea, these small, sand-coloured fish - from 15 to 50cm long - will sting humans if they feel threatened, such as a human accidentally stepping on them in the sand, or disturbing them too much in the water.

The sting - and the venom it delivers - are not fatal or especially dangerous (unless the victim has an allergic reaction) but it will cause intense pain and a burning sensation, and if left untreated, can spread and hurt for up to a week.

A string can also cause inflammation, itching, and infection.

There are a number of things you can do to help avoid getting stung, and help yourself or your family if you are unlucky.

• Check whether your beach is a risk area, and if it is, make sure you tread carefully, slowly and calmly when in the sea, to avoid scaring the fish or stepping on one
• If someone does get stung, get them out of the water immediately, and apply heat to the wound - NOT ice, as heat dissipates the venom
• You can use hot sand, hot water over 40 degrees, or even the end of a cigarette, to apply heat and stop the venom spreading
• Keep the affected area or limb elevated, if you can
• Do not suck on the sting to try to remove the venom, or cut it in any way
• Once treated, get medical help or keep the wound clean and covered until healed, to avoid infection