What are the rules on changing your windows in France?

If you are looking to replace your windows in France there are things to consider besides the cost.

In some cases you need permission from the local authorities. 

Below, we review the rules. 

Identical replacements require no formalities

If you are simply replacing the windows with a like-for-like replacement – the same size, shape, and material – then you do not need to inform anyone as this is classed as a simple repair. 

While you do not need to use the exact same brand as before, you need to make sure the following conditions are the same: 

• Material of window frame and colour of the windows

• Size of the windows, number of openings and way the window opens (i.e inwards or outwards)

• Insulation offered by windows (i.e if they are single or double glazing)

In the case of the latter, this does not matter provided the windows offer improved isolation (for example, you go from single to double glazing). 

Minor changes require declaration

If any of these elements are changed when replacing the windows, you will need to inform the mairie of the upcoming work.

This is done via a déclaration préalable de travaux (prior works declaration or DP) sent to your local mairie. 

It is unlikely that the mairie will oppose any such work. 

Approval for major changes

In reality the majority of work on replacing windows will require a DP.

However, having a building permit (permis de construire) can be necessary. 

If replacing the windows coincides with changing the function of the room – and it is more than 20m² in size – you will need a building permit before the works start. 

This, for example, could be if you were replacing your garage door with large bay windows, and converting it into a workshop or additional living room. 

The reverse is also the case, it would be required if you were removing larger windows used to display goods in a shop front for a wall and basic windows.

Properties in protected areas face more regulation

Be aware that depending on where you live you may need further approval. 

Additional regulations can limit construction work in an effort to keep protected sites or views the same, or make sure building exteriors conform to a historical look or style. 

In both these cases, changing your windows can affect this. There may also be environmental regulations.

This is also the case if you want to change the shutters on your property.

If your property is in a protected or classified zone, you will need any plans – even those that would normally only require a DP – to be approved by the architectes des Bâtiments de France (ABF). 

In this instance when you submit your DP or building permit request to the mairie, they will pass your dossier to the ABF for consultation and inform you that you need this approval before the work can start.

If the plans are approved by the ABF you have three years to start the work. 

To find if your property lies within a certain protected zone you can consult your Plan Local d'Urbanisme (PLU, a document that determines what can be built) via your mairie, or check the Ministry of Culture’s map of protected zones.

Read more: What is process for building work near a site listed as historic monument in France?