Learning French: what does à fond mean and when should it be used?

English speakers might associate this phrase with the positive connotations surrounding ‘fond’ memories, or growing ‘fond’ of a place or person.

A fond has a slightly different meaning in French, and can actually be used in a variety of different ways.

We explain how and when to use it in everyday conversations in France.

What does à fond mean?

This handy adverb, which literally translates as ‘deeply’, has many uses.

It generally indicates that something is being done thoroughly and in depth, but can also refer to an object that has been used to its full capacity. 

A fond can describe something loud or fast, with the term featuring in several informal variations including:

• à fond la caisse - At full throttle

• à fond les ballons - At full speed

• à fond les manettes - At top speed 

• rouler à fond - To put your foot down

• à fond de cinq (or six) - At max speed (refers to the fifth/six gear of a car)

• à donf - (the verlan of à fond)

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It has even developed a more slang sense, being sprinkled into casual conversation to describe someone who is passionate or motivated:

• être à fond - To be fully-invested

• se donner à fond - To go all-out 

• vivre à fond - To live life to the full

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When do you say à fond?

It usually follows a verb, indicating that the action is being done completely and fully:

• Je travaille à fond pour respecter le délai de ce soir. - I am working flat-out to meet tonight’s deadline. 

• Il est ceinture noire, il maîtrise à fond le karaté. - He is a black belt which means he is a complete master at karate. 

• Mon père adore mettre sa musique à fond quand il n'y a personne à la maison. - My dad loves blasting his music when nobody is home.

• Ralentis ! Pourquoi tu roules à fond ? - Slow down! Why are you driving so fast?

It can also describe a person who is energetic and keen:

• Elle est à fond sur les animaux marins. - She is a megafan of marine animals. 

• J'aime le fait que tu te donnes toujours à fond dans tout ce que tu fais. - I love the fact that you always give your all in everything you do.

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To whom do you say à fond?

Depending on the context, this term can be considered neutral or informal. It generally becomes more casual when combined with other slang words or variations. 

It can be said in a range of situations with friends, family, strangers or colleagues.

It should not cause any offence, however depending on the tone of voice, 'être à fond' can be a criticism of someone who is overly keen or intense. 

If you would like us to explain a particular word or expression, or if you have any other Learning French suggestions, let us know at: feedback@connexionfrance.com